Early behavioral plasticity: perinatal development     

Nelson PG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,240(4857):1351-1352

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TRANSFERENCE OF THE BEAN MOSAIC VIRUS BY MACROSIPHUM SOLANIFOLII     

Nelson R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1922,56(1447):342-344

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Communication Gap: LBJ's Monologue with the Intellectuals     

Nelson B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1967,157(3785):173-176

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Morphogenesis of the polarized epithelial cell phenotype   总被引：152，自引：0，他引：152  

E Rodriguez-Boulan  W J Nelson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,245(4919):718-725

Polarized epithelial cells play fundamental roles in the ontogeny and function of a variety of tissues and organs in mammals. The morphogenesis of a sheet of polarized epithelial cells (the trophectoderm) is the first overt sign of cellular differentiation in early embryonic development. In the adult, polarized epithelial cells line all body cavities and occur in tissues that carry out specialized vectorial transport functions of absorption and secretion. The generation of this phenotype is a multistage process requiring extracellular cues and the reorganization of proteins in the cytoplasm and on the plasma membrane; once established, the phenotype is maintained by the segregation and retention of specific proteins and lipids in distinct apical and basal-lateral plasma membrane domains.  相似文献   

Heparin promotes the inactivation of antithrombin by neutrophil elastase   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

R E Jordan  J Kilpatrick  R M Nelson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,237(4816):777-779

Heparin is an acceleratory cofactor for antithrombin, a circulating inhibitor of blood coagulation enzymes. The presence of heparin on blood vessel walls is believed to contribute to the nonthrombogenic properties of those surfaces. In apparent opposition to this function, heparin was found to greatly accelerate the in vitro inactivation of antithrombin by neutrophil elastase. Inactivation rates in solution were potentiated several hundredfold by specific heparin fractions with anticoagulant activity. Although the data suggest that a heparin-antithrombin complex is essential for the inactivation by elastase to occur, the enzyme itself interacts tightly with heparin. These results suggest a mechanism which, if operating in vivo, could lead to a localized neutralization of the anticoagulant function of heparin at the endothelial surface.  相似文献   

Ultrafast bond softening in bismuth: mapping a solid's interatomic potential with X-rays     

Fritz DM  Reis DA  Adams B  Akre RA  Arthur J  Blome C  Bucksbaum PH  Cavalieri AL  Engemann S  Fahy S  Falcone RW  Fuoss PH  Gaffney KJ  George MJ  Hajdu J  Hertlein MP  Hillyard PB  Horn-von Hoegen M  Kammler M  Kaspar J  Kienberger R  Krejcik P  Lee SH  Lindenberg AM  McFarland B  Meyer D  Montagne T  Murray ED  Nelson AJ  Nicoul M  Pahl R  Rudati J  Schlarb H  Siddons DP  Sokolowski-Tinten K  Tschentscher T  von der Linde D  Hastings JB 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,315(5812):633-636

Intense femtosecond laser excitation can produce transient states of matter that would otherwise be inaccessible to laboratory investigation. At high excitation densities, the interatomic forces that bind solids and determine many of their properties can be substantially altered. Here, we present the detailed mapping of the carrier density-dependent interatomic potential of bismuth approaching a solid-solid phase transition. Our experiments combine stroboscopic techniques that use a high-brightness linear electron accelerator-based x-ray source with pulse-by-pulse timing reconstruction for femtosecond resolution, allowing quantitative characterization of the interatomic potential energy surface of the highly excited solid.  相似文献   

Delay of disease development in transgenic plants that express the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein gene   总被引：117，自引：0，他引：117  

P P Abel  R S Nelson  B De  N Hoffmann  S G Rogers  R T Fraley  R N Beachy 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1986,232(4751):738-743

A chimeric gene containing a cloned cDNA of the coat protein (CP) gene of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was introduced into tobacco cells on a Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens from which tumor inducing genes had been removed. Plants regenerated from transformed cells expressed TMV mRNA and CP as a nuclear trait. Seedlings from self-fertilized transgenic plants were inoculated with TMV and observed for development of disease symptoms. The seedlings that expressed the CP gene were delayed in symptom development and 10 to 60 percent of the transgenic plants failed to develop symptoms for the duration of the experiments. Increasing the concentration of TMV in the inoculum shortened the delay in appearance of symptoms. The results of these experiments indicate that plants can be genetically transformed for resistance to virus disease development.  相似文献   

Industrial innovation policy: lessons from american history     

Nelson RR  Langlois RN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1983,219(4586):814-818

The historical interrelations of government support of R & D and technical change in seven major American industries point to three types of policy that have been successful in the past: (i) government R & D support for technologies in which the government has a strong and direct procurement interest; (ii) decentralized systems of government-supported research in the "generic" area between the basic and the applied; and (iii) a decentralized system of clientele-oriented support for applied R & D. A fourth type of policy, under which the government attempts to "pick winners" in commercial applied R & D, has been a clear-cut failure.  相似文献   

Anthropologists' Debate: Concern over Future of Foreign Research     

Nelson B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1966,154(3756):1525-1527

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The detection of eclipses in the pluto-charon system     

Binzel RP  Tholen DJ  Tedesco EF  Buratti BJ  Nelson RM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,228(4704):1193-1195

The first eclipses between Pluto and its satellite ("Charon") were detected in January and February 1985, confirming the satellite's existence. Eclipses lasting a few hours will now occur at 3.2-day intervals for the next 5 to 6 years and then will cease for about 120 years. Careful observations of these eclipses will allow greatly improved determinations to be made of several physical parameters for the Pluto-Charon system: the diameters of the planet and satellite, the surface albedo distribution on one hemisphere of the planet, the orbit of the satellite, and the mass of the planet and hence its density. Knowledge of the density will provide a constraint on models of Pluto's bulk composition.  相似文献